Silane coupling agents are compounds with amphiphilic molecular structures, typically containing alkoxy functional groups (such as Si–OR) that react with inorganic surfaces, and organic functional groups (such as amino or vinyl) that bond with organic polymers. This dual-reactive structure enables them to act as a "bridge" between inorganic and organic materials.

In composite material production, silane coupling agents are widely used to enhance the interfacial bonding between glass fibers and resins, improving the mechanical strength, water resistance, and thermal stability of the final composite. For example, in glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP), proper use of silane coupling agents can significantly increase peel strength and extend service life.

In the coatings industry, silanes are used to enhance adhesion to substrates such as metals, glass, and ceramics, while also providing a certain degree of corrosion resistance. By forming a chemical anchoring structure, silane coupling agents help coatings remain stable in harsh environments like humidity and salt spray.

Additionally, silanes play a vital role in electronic packaging, sealants, adhesives, and surface treatments of nanomaterials. For instance, using aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to modify the surface of nanosilica improves its dispersion and compatibility within polymer systems.

As material science advances, the demand for precise interfacial control and enhanced surface performance continues to rise. Functional modification and novel designs of silane coupling agents will be key areas of future research and application.

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