Varnish is a kind of paint without coloring substance, its main component is made of resin and solvent or resin, oil and solvent.
After it is coated on the surface of the object, the solvent evaporates, and the resin or resin and oil form a transparent and smooth film, showing the original pattern of the object, easy to dry and durable, and can resist acid and oil. It can be brushed, sprayed or baked to form a film with protective, decorative or special properties. Varnishes are divided into thermosetting varnishes and thermoplastic varnishes, which are used for furniture, floors, doors and Windows, and automobiles. Varnish is made by adding varnish to pigment, also called enamel. Because of the existence of varnish, so that we use a variety of appliances beautiful, generous, comfortable, durable, enriched our life. Varnish and pigment make our world colorful, full of fantasy. Special function of the varnish coating gives a variety of materials with conductivity, insulation, temperature resistance, cold resistance, weather resistance, moisture resistance, light resistance ------- and other special properties, enhance the performance of various materials, expand the application field, especially such as navigation, aerospace, space, the universe and other special fields. Varnish variety is huge, all walks of life need.

Varnish is a kind of paint, which contains solid components and volatile components. When it is coated on the surface of the object, the volatile components begin to absorb the surrounding heat energy and quickly volatilize, escape from the film, solid is left on the solid surface, through physical and chemical changes, curing and drying to form a tough film, the solid substance that can form the film is called film material or called "base material". Polymeric oils, natural resins, synthetic resins, and inorganic polymer materials are the main substances to form the film, without the existence of these film forming substances, the film can not be formed. There are also some film forming substances, which can not form film alone, only play a secondary role in film forming, such as various additives, functional formation, and so on, become secondary film forming substances. Volatile components have a variety of organic solvents, diluents, water and so on.

(1) Main film-forming substances: Before synthetic resins are used in coatings, the film-forming substances of coatings mainly use natural resins such as rosin and raw lacquer, animal fish oil, shellac, casein, etc. There are also vegetable oils from plants, such as tung oil, linseed oil, camphor oil, etc. These natural materials through dehydration, refining, refining, polymerization, oxidation and other processing to make paint.
Synthetic polymer compounds as the main film forming materials used in coating production began in the 20th century, such as phenolic resin, alkyd resin, amino resin, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid, polyester, epoxy resin and so on are commonly used varieties.

(2) Secondary film forming substances: for varnishes, secondary film forming substances are various auxilaries and functional substances that are conducive to improving the production process and coating properties and giving special functions to coatings. There are many additives used in coating, which belong to improving the surface activity of coating, such as dispersant, wetting agent, emulsifier, demulsifier, defoamer, foaming agent antistatic agent, etc. Belonging to the catalytic role of the initiator, drier, curing agent, coupling agent, polymerization inhibitor, photoinitiator, anti-crust agent, antioxidant, antibacterial agent, mildew agent and so on. Functional substances such as conductive coating to add metal powder, graphite powder, carbon fiber, etc. Radiation protection coating using titanium, aluminum, chromium and other materials that can absorb and dissipate gamma rays. Other materials that require coating to have special functions include luminous materials, temperature indicating materials, fireproof materials, radar detection materials, etc.

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