Because of its good fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance and shock absorption, resin matrix composite has a bright future. In addition, resin matrix composites have many advantages, such as diversified functions, simple forming process, strong material structure and performance plasticity, etc., which are widely used in automobile industry, sports equipment industry, mechanical and electronic manufacturing industry, aerospace industry, coal industry and other fields. With the rapid economic growth in recent years, the use of resin matrix composite materials is more and more extensive, which is favored by the manufacturing industry.
The lightweight of weapon system can be realized by using composite materials, so as to improve the rapid response ability, and play a huge role in high power, large range, precision strike, etc., especially in the national defense industry, which mainly focuses on aviation. At present, the components made of composite materials have become the main part of national defense product structure, such as aviation, aerospace, weapons, ships and so on.
Military field
In order to meet the requirements of high maneuverability, supersonic cruise and stealth of the new generation fighter, after entering the 1990s, the United States, without exception, has adopted a large number of composite mechanisms, which are generally used more than 20%, some even as high as 35%, and the structural weight reduction efficiency is up to 30%. At present, the amount of composite materials used in the world's advanced military aircraft varies from 20% to 50% of the total structural weight of the aircraft. The main application parts of composite materials include fairing, flat tail, vertical tail, flat tail box, wing, middle front fuselage, etc.
Civil aircraft
The safety and economy of civil aircraft are more considered, so the application of composite materials is more cautious. However, with the progress of composite technology and the reduction of manufacturing cost, civil aircraft began to use composite components in the 1970s.
Similar to military aircraft, the components of civil aircraft composite materials also develop from small load-bearing components to main load-bearing components. Because the selection of materials will directly affect the purchase cost (raw material cost and processing cost), fuel cost (aircraft weight) and maintenance cost (inspection and maintenance), the selection of materials is very important in the design of civil aircraft. The material selection of civil aircraft will directly affect the operation cost of civil aircraft. Compared with the traditional aviation materials, the aircraft parts made of resin matrix composite materials usually lose 20% - 30% of the weight, and the use and maintenance cost is 15% - 25% lower than that of metal materials.
In addition to the cost, the safety factor is also an important factor to be considered in the design and material selection of civil aircraft. The application of any new material in civil aircraft is long (usually 5-10 years) and expensive (1-5 times of the commonly used material). However, the stringent requirements of aviation safety for material properties promote the development of advanced materials, forcing the industry to adopt the most advanced manufacturing technology to improve the performance of materials and reduce costs. The utilization rate of composite components in civil aircraft is increasing.
helicopter
The application of helicopter to composite materials is very significant. Carbon fiber composites are widely used in military, civil and light helicopters. The amount of composite material has reached 40% - 60% of the structure weight. For example, 50% of the composite materials are used in the American armed helicopter (RAH-66) and 80% in the European nh-90 helicopter, which is close to the full composite structure.
The V-22 rotorcraft is a new type of flight structure, which can take off and land vertically, and cruise at high speed after tilting and rotating wing. The use of composite materials is 51%, including fuselage, wing, tail and rotating mechanism, which are made of composite materials. It is also a full composite aircraft.
aircraft engine
With the continuous improvement of aeroengine performance, especially the continuous reduction of mass, the new structures such as integral disk, integral ring, hollow blade and counter rotating turbine will also rely more and more on advanced composite materials with high specific strength, low density, high stiffness and high temperature resistance. After many years of experiments and experience, more and more components of aeroengine are made of composite materials, and many countries have made efforts in this direction.
rocket engine
Fiber reinforced composite has the characteristics of heat release, heat insulation and high temperature resistance, which is widely used in aerospace industry. For example, in the aspect of heat protection, high-strength fiberglass resin matrix composites can be used as structural materials and ablative heat insulation materials for multi tube long-range rockets and air-to-air missiles, realizing the integration of nozzle convergence section, expansion section and tail frame, greatly reducing the quality of weapons and improving the combat performance.
satellite communication
On satellites and spacecraft, the mass of satellite structures in the United States and Europe is less than 10% of the total mass, because advanced composite materials are widely used. At present, the microwave communication system, energy system and various supporting structures of the satellite have basically realized composite materials.
Ship field
The composite material technology of warship has also developed rapidly, which has basically reached the level of practical application. Composite materials have been widely used in U.S. Navy equipment, such as "Ford" aircraft carrier, "Virginia" class submarine, DDG1000 destroyer, etc. The 45 destroyer of the British Navy also has a composite mast with sandwich structure composite material, which has stealth and reduced antenna maintenance.
The application of advanced resin matrix composites in the aviation industry is the result of technology promotion and demand traction. On the one hand, with the significant progress in material performance improvement, process improvement and cost reduction, advanced resin matrix composite materials are widely used in the aviation industry, which improves the technical performance and economic performance of military and civil aircraft and engine; on the other hand, the development of new generation military and civil aircraft and engine puts forward higher requirements for material performance, forcing The industry adopts the most advanced design and manufacturing technology to improve the performance of materials and reduce the cost, thus promoting the development of advanced resin matrix composite materials. (source: AFRP)
Guess you like the previous selections ▼ 1. What kind of artifact is the "whole bathroom" that helps Huoshen mountain? Composite people should know
2. The influence and Enlightenment of new coronavirus pneumonia on material industry
3. New infrastructure and composite materials "link up"
4. Problems in the current development of fiber composite industry and ways to overcome them
5. Application status and development trend of marine composite materials
6. Glass fiber composite material makes the bridge have longer life