Progress in Acetal type easy recovery thermosetting resin of Ningbo Material Institute
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2020-03-30
Thermosetting resin has excellent mechanical properties, thermal properties, dimensional stability, processing performance and chemical stability. It is widely used in electronic packaging materials, composite materials, adhesives and coatings. However, due to its highly chemical crosslinked three-dimensional network, thermosetting resin is difficult to be recovered. The introduction of dynamic covalent bond into the crosslinking network of thermosetting resin can realize the recycling and reuse of thermosetting resin like thermoplastic, and has the properties of controllable degradation recovery, welding, self repair, stimulation response, etc. However, the existence of dynamic covalent bond will lead to creep and poor dimensional stability of resin, which is difficult to be used in structural materials. Therefore, based on acetal chemistry, researchers such as Ma Songqi, the team of bio based polymer materials of Ningbo Institute of materials technology and engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed a new type of remodeled thermosetting resin, which can achieve high temperature (about 100 ℃) without creep. Acetaldehyde is a kind of group with rapid and controllable pH degradation, which is often used as a protective group in organic synthesis. In 2019, Ma Songqi and others found that acetals can exchange dynamically in the presence of high temperature and no catalyst, and successfully obtained acetal type catalyst free remolding thermosetting resin. The resin has obvious stress relaxation at high temperature, showing excellent ductility and reprocessing. At the same time, the starting material can be completely recovered in hot water at 100 ℃ for 1H (J. mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 18039-18049). Recently, researchers further designed the structure of asymmetric acetals to achieve excellent water resistance, high temperature creep resistance, thermal and mechanical properties. Through the reaction of linear phenolic resin with cyclohexanedimethyldivinyl ether, a remodeled thermosetting resin containing asymmetric acetals was obtained. The remodeled thermosetting resin has excellent thermal and mechanical properties, and its performance is flexible. It is found that the asymmetric acetal type can remodel thermosetting resin, which shows excellent creep resistance at high temperature and does not creep at 100 ℃. But at the same time, it has excellent remolding properties. Through the study of small molecular model compounds, acetal exchange follows the dissociation mechanism at high temperature. In addition, the resin will not degrade in hot water. Through the study of small molecular model compounds, it is found that the asymmetric acetal structure itself has good stability in hot water or water / organic solvent mixture. However, its excellent water resistance does not affect its degradation and recovery performance. The resin can be degraded and recovered in the mixed solution of 0.1M HCl water and acetone at 50 ℃ to obtain the starting material of phenolic resin, which is difficult to degrade under the conditions of acetic acid or room temperature, so the controllable degradation and recovery of thermosetting resin can be realized under the mild conditions. The results have been applied for patent (cn2020100523086) and published in macrolecules.
Fig. 1 Preparation of remodeled thermosetting resin containing asymmetric acetals by reaction of novolac resin with divinyl ether and its dual recovery process and high temperature creep resistance
Fig. 2 stability of remodeled thermosetting resin containing asymmetric acetals in aqueous environment
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