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How to deepen / optimize the design of exterior wall thermal insulation coating project? The design process is here! Taobao platform announced
For a long time, the quality of wall insulation system has been concerned. This paper analyzes the common problems of wall insulation system and their causes, and analyzes the methods and measures of problem prevention, in order to provide feasibility reference and promote the development of wall insulation technology.
1. Analysis of common quality problems and causes
Under the influence of many factors, it is not rare that the quality problems of the building wall insulation system occur at present, which greatly affect the function and life of the building, so we must pay enough attention to them.
1.1 common problems
The common quality problems of building wall insulation system mainly include hollowing, cracking, leakage, falling off, indoor flooding, anti frost, condensation and fire.
(1) The hollowing and cracking of thermal insulation wall are mainly manifested in hollowing and cracking of thermal insulation surface and external corner.
(2) Most of the leakage of the thermal insulation wall occurs around the window and at the corner of the wall due to the nonstandard construction.
(3) The falling off of the wall insulation system is usually manifested in the peeling off of the protective surface layer and the facing layer of the external insulation system, as well as the large area or overall falling off of the insulation system formed by the fracture of the insulation layer or the bonding layer or the leveling layer.
(4) The root of the parapet is close to the roof of the room. If the heat preservation treatment is not carried out for this part, it is easy to cause the hot bridge passage and the anti frost condensation phenomenon.
(5) most of the materials used in thermal insulation wall construction, such as polystyrene foam board, are highly flammable and can easily cause fires. 1.2 cause analysis
(1) The quality level of thermal insulation materials is not enough.
(2) The design scheme of thermal insulation system is unreasonable.
(3) The construction process is not standard.
2. Prevention and control suggestions
2.1 strengthen the research on wall insulation technology
Only based on long-term practical construction experience can wall insulation system technology achieve substantial progress and improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen practical scientific research, strengthen the linkage between relevant scientific research institutions and construction enterprises, research and explore new materials and processes more suitable for the needs of the environment in construction practice, and discuss the difficulties and difficulties in actual construction with front-line construction workers Difficulties, such as the causes and prevention of cracks and other difficulties, strive to make substantive breakthroughs.
2.2 develop a reasonable wall insulation technical scheme
When making the construction scheme of wall insulation system, it is necessary to make a design scheme that not only conforms to the relevant design technical parameter standards but also is applicable to the actual construction environment according to the actual situation of the construction site, and the construction details and process are clear and the construction technology is mature. The external thermal insulation system shall cover the external openings of doors and windows, parapets, closed balconies and other hot bridge parts. In particular, it should be noted that the combustion performance of the thermal insulation system must comply with the relevant provisions of the code for fire protection design of buildings (gb50016-2014). In the scheme, the prevention and control measures for common quality problems shall be described in detail, including the safety requirements of the thermal insulation system, anti cracking measures, detailed node waterproof practices, etc.
2.3 strictly implement the prevention and control measures for quality problems.
(1) Before construction, technical disclosure shall be made to construction management personnel and specific operators to ensure that they are clear about each construction process flow and quality control. During the construction of external insulation works and within 24 hours after completion, the temperature of base course and environment shall not be lower than 5 ℃. Avoid sun exposure in summer. Construction is not allowed in windy weather and rainy days above level 5.
(2) Strictly control the quality of materials, strictly inspect the quality of materials entering the site. After the inspection quantity, type, specification, qualification certificate, etc. are consistent with the relevant data of materials required for construction, witness sampling shall be carried out for inspection, and the materials can only be used after the witness sampling is qualified. Test items include: apparent density, dimensional stability, water absorption, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, etc. At present, the density of insulation board used for external wall insulation is mainly 18-22kg / m3. The lower the thermal conductivity is, the stronger the heat blocking capacity is. After the weather resistance test, the external wall insulation system shall not be damaged by blistering or peeling of the facing layer, hollowing or peeling of the protective layer, and shall not have water seepage cracks. For the external insulation system with thin plastering layer, the tensile bond strength between the plastering layer and the insulation layer shall not be less than 0.1MPa, and the damaged part shall be located in the insulation layer.
(3) Strengthen the construction process and process control, strictly follow the process specified in relevant standards, and ensure the completion of each process with quality and quantity guaranteed. The quality control measures must be implemented in place in the process. For example, the surface of EPS board shall not be exposed for a long time. After the EPS board is installed on the wall, the plastering layer shall be made in time. For the system with thin plastering layer, the thickness of the protective layer shall not be less than 3mm and not easy to be more than 6mm for the system with thick plastering layer, the thickness of the thick plastering layer shall be 25-30mm, and a steel wire mesh shall be added to the insulation layer made of slurry insulation materials with a total thickness of more than 30mm; a reinforcing mesh shall be added at the junction of different materials of the base; the grid joint or division joint between the leveling layer and the insulation layer shall be applied Measures such as waterproof and sealing treatment must be strictly controlled and implemented. In addition, the maintenance of the insulation wall in the later stage should be done well, and special personnel should be assigned to regularly check the potential problems and repair the problems in time.
3. The quality problems of the wall insulation system in the repair process should be repaired in time once they are found. At present, the repair process with good practical effect mainly includes local replacement method, caulking repair method, grouting local repair method, etc.
3.1 local replacement method
(1) Determine the quality problem parts of the building wall insulation system, and do the removal treatment (the removal area should be expanded by 100-150 mm);
(2) After the removal, the base course shall be cleaned and then painted with interface reinforcement materials. Note that if there are quality problems such as cracking and leakage in the base course, the base course shall be cleaned and repaired before the next repair work;
(3) Reset the structure of the thermal insulation system on the painted base course, with two layers of cloth glue and one layer of mesh laying. Note that the overlapping distance between the new and old mesh cloth should be greater than 100mm;
(4) Apply putty to the exterior wall of elastic building, and finally touch up the exterior wall decoration coating.
3.2 local repair and caulking
(1) V-shaped groove shall be opened along the crack trend of the wall, and the groove width shall be greater than 15mm;
(2) Clean the V-groove and apply the type II interface reinforcement material to fill in the caulking material, compact and level it, and wait for the surface to dry completely;
(3) Scrape the flexible repair mortar in batches to make it about 2-3mm thick, 50-100mm wider than the groove width, and embed the type II alkali resistant glass fiber mesh, and pay attention to "see the lines but not the mesh";
(4) Apply putty to the exterior wall of elastic building, and finally touch up the exterior wall decoration coating.
3.3 local maintenance by grouting
(1) Drill the grouting hole vertically in the cavity of the thermal insulation system to the surface of the base wall (the hole diameter and the hole distance shall be determined according to the actual design);
(2) Inject grouting materials (the injection pressure and injection volume shall be determined according to the design requirements). Before the grouting materials are hardened, take out the borehole, backfill the thermal insulation structure, and make the surface flat without obvious splicing height difference;
(3) Scrape the flexible repair mortar in batches to make it about 2-3mm thick, 50-100mm wider than the groove width, and embed the type II alkali resistant glass fiber mesh, and pay attention to "see the lines but not the mesh";
(4) Apply putty to the exterior wall of elastic building, and finally touch up the exterior wall decoration paint.
4 in conclusion, in the actual construction of wall insulation system, we must pay attention to strict control of materials and construction technology and effective maintenance in the later stage, and select appropriate technology to repair and remedy in time when quality problems occur, so as to reduce the occurrence of quality problems and effectively improve the overall performance and quality of buildings.
Detailed design cases of the studio:
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Design case of construction drawing of Beijing project's external wall insulation and EPS line deepening
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Detailed design of EPS line drawing for exterior wall of a community project in Hebei Province
How to deepen / optimize the design of exterior wall thermal insulation coating project? The design process is here! Taobao platform announced
The studio is based in Zhengzhou. The chief designer of the external wall has more than 1 million square meters of construction technology guidance experience and more than 5 million square meters of in-depth design experience in the external wall insulation / coating engineering of the world's top 500 Housing enterprises, covering villa, high-rise building, commercial office building and other projects. The external wall insulation system involves rock wool board / strip, XPS Extrusion board, EPS expanded polystyrene board, foam ceramic board Cement foam board, inorganic thermal insulation mortar, EPS paper gypsum composite board, molded polystyrene board, integrated thermal insulation and decoration board and other external wall thermal insulation systems are involved in coating types, including smooth / rough surface water-borne color stone paint, real stone paint, elastic paint, flat coating, texture sand scraping type coating material, etc. At present, the studio's external wall deepening design team currently has 1 design director and 10 team members. It is specialized in deepening and optimizing the design of various external wall insulation interface construction drawings / as built drawings, EPS line deepening optimization drawings, external wall coating interface deepening construction drawings / as built drawings, external wall facade control effect drawings, etc. Spare no effort to facilitate construction and save cost for the construction company!
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