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Content from Journal of controlled release
Gambogic acid is naturally found in the drying resin of Garcinia hanburyi hook. F., which has strong anticancer activity. Clinical studies have shown that gambogic acid has a certain effect on breast cancer, lymphoma, skin cancer and gastric cancer, but has no effect on normal hematopoietic system and leukocytes.
Recently, Professor Zhang Guan's research group of Urology Department of China Japan Friendship Hospital has carried out a study on the safe and effective perfusion chemotherapy of bladder cancer based on the precursor drug of gambogic acid activated by reactive oxygen species "Cancer" was published in Journal of controlled release (if = 7.901, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.028).
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of intravesical perfusion of tumor cells or drugs, as well as the synthesis route of carriers and prodrugs.
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of urinary system, and one of the ten most common tumors in the body, accounting for the first place in the incidence rate of urogenital tumors in China. Chemotherapy is the nursing standard after transurethral resection of bladder cancer. However, the rapid excretion of commonly used anticancer drugs in clinic makes the routine intravesical chemotherapy far from effective. Therefore, to improve the adhesion and permeability of chemotherapy drugs is the key factor for postoperative treatment of superficial bladder cancer. In this paper, the research team of Professor Zhang Guan of Urology Department of China Japan Friendship Hospital developed a reduction sensitive carrier, which was used to treat bladder cancer in situ with active oxygen activated gambogic acid prodrug. Positive charge chitosan can significantly improve the adhesiveness and permeability of prodrug in bladder wall. In addition, by using the different levels of glutathione and reactive oxygen species between cancer cells and normal cells, DSNs can selectively and rapidly be administered to bladder cancer cells. Therefore, DSNs can significantly inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells in the in situ superficial bladder cancer model without causing damage to normal cells. This work shows that the smart prodrug nanodrug may be a promising drug delivery system for local chemotherapy of bladder cancer, with unprecedented clinical benefits.
Figure 2. In vivo imaging photos of sccbgb and cccbgb labeled with cy7.5 and cy7.5 at different time points after 2 hours of bladder perfusion.
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